• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a method for treating polymer / polymeric / organic waste and a method and apparatus for treating a metal-containing liquid or gaseous substance (8). The polymer is activated by first treating the material with an acid and then rinsing the material to form an ion binding surface. The activated polymer is then applied to the treatment space (9) and the material (8) to be treated is passed through the treatment space (9).
    公开号:FI20175853A1
    申请号:FI20175853
    申请日:2017-09-25
    公开日:2019-03-26
    发明作者:Mervi Matilainen；Pirjo Rinnepelto；Tiina Rasilainen
    申请人:Apila Group Oy Ab；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    METHOD FOR HANDLING VULCANIC RUBBER AND METHOD AND EQUIPMENT AND USE OF THE METHOD FOR BINDING METAL FROM LIQUID OR GASEOUS MATERIAL
    The present invention relates to a method for treating a vulcanized granular rubber material as set forth in the preamble of claim 1 and to a device for bonding a metal from a liquid or gaseous material as set out in the preamble of claim 11 and a method as defined in the preamble of claim 14. the use of an active rubber material for bonding a metal from a liquid or gaseous material; and the use of an active material made from a vulcanised waste rubber by a method according to claim 2 in the preamble of claim 15 to bind the metal from a liquid or gaseous material.
    Vulcanised rubber is used extensively in the tires of cars and other vehicles, among others. Used tires are utilized and recycled in many different ways. Used tires have been used a lot in landfill structures, for example. However, legislation restricts the use of currently used tires in landfill structures. As a result, new utilization solutions have to be found for the used rubber. One solution is to use used tires as an energy source. However, this means that the rubber is burned, which produces emissions and is therefore not a good environmental solution.
    Known used tires have been recycled, for example, by making new tires. In one such known solution, the rubber is separated from the used tires and ground to a small particle size, after which the rubber is vulcanized and made into tires, for example for wheelbarrows, waste containers and other suitable objects. Used tire rubber has also been known to be used in various coatings such as ancestors
    20175853 prh 25 -09-2017 as a sign in artificial turf fields and children's playgrounds and as an additive in concrete and asphalt, for example.
    It is known that vulcanized rubber is also used for water purification by various techniques. Used tires can be made into an annular cut that can filter out solids from water and bind or separate various microbes and nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus by biofilms on the rubber surface 10.
    For example, industrial process water or industrial wastewater often contains a variety of harmful metals. Rubber can also be used to remove metals from water. One solution according to the prior art is to use so-called ion exchange membranes made of synthetic rubber sulfonation through which water is passed, whereby the sulfonic acid groups of the films bind metal ions from the water. However, the problem with this solution is the use of virgin raw materials such as petroleum, which is non-organic, for the production of synthetic rubber. A further problem is that the manufacture of ion exchange films is expensive.
    Another known solution for removing metals from water is to pass water through the activated carbon, whereby the metals in the water are filtered to the activated carbon. The disadvantage of this solution is that the production of activated carbon is usually done from coal, coconut shell, sawdust, various biomasses or the like, including ring rubber, by pyrolysis, i.e. dry distillation, or charring. The process of producing activated carbon produces by-products and gases, which is harmful to the environment. A further problem with this solution is that the activated carbon does not selectively filter metals from water.
    20175853 prh 25 -09- 2017
    In this application, the methods and apparatus of the invention and the uses of the methods are also collectively referred to as the solution of the invention.
    The object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks and to provide a method for treating vulcanized rubber and a method and apparatus for bonding a metal from a liquid or gaseous substance such as water which provides inter alia environmentally friendly, efficient and inexpensive filtration of metals. It is a further object to use a material treated by another method described in the application for bonding a metal from a liquid or gaseous material. The first method according to the invention is characterized in what is set forth in the characterizing part of claim 15. Correspondingly, the second method according to the invention is characterized in what is stated in the characterizing part of claim 7. The apparatus according to the invention is characterized by what is stated in the characterizing part of claim 11. Other embodiments of the invention 20 are characterized by what is set forth in the other claims.
    The first process according to the invention is characterized in that the granular vulcanized rubber is treated with ha 25, such as sulfuric acid, followed by rinsing of the rubber, for example with water, thereby reducing the acidity of the rubber surface and so-called activated cationic active material.
    Another method according to the invention is characterized in that the activated rubber, i.e. the active material, is arranged in a limited processing space through which a metallic liquid or gaseous substance, such as water, is passed, whereby the substance adheres to the active material. The metal-containing material 35 is passed through the treatment space until the desired percentage of metal is recovered from the material. After that, the active material, ie rubber, to which the metal is bound
    20175853 prh 25 -09-2017, for example, rinse with a dilute acid to give the metals a further treatment and reactivate the rubber surface.
    The apparatus according to the invention is characterized in that the apparatus comprises at least a limited processing space, such as a cylindrical space or the like, in which activated rubber is inserted. The apparatus further comprises feed means for supplying the material to be treated and means for removing material to be treated, as well as means for rinsing the metal from the rubber, reactivating the rubber and directing the metal to further treatment.
    An advantage of the solution according to the invention is, inter alia, that it enables the rubber waste generated by the tires used to be effectively utilized in water purification and in the separation of metals from other materials. The advantage over ion exchange membranes is that the solution according to the invention is more advantageous and, moreover, the rubber is not made from virgin raw materials, but the waste rubber is used in the process. Another advantage of the solution according to the invention is that it is more ecological and efficient than the activated carbon solution. A further advantage of the solution according to the invention is that the metals filtered from the water can be recovered and utilized for some suitable purpose.
    It is also an advantage that the same rubber material can be reused several times. A further advantage of the solution according to the invention is that the method is simple and can be implemented with existing devices. A further advantage is that the method is environmentally friendly and inexpensive.
    In the following, the invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying simplified drawings, in which Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of a method according to one embodiment of the invention,
    20175853 prh 25-09-2017 Fig. 2 is a schematic view of an apparatus for treating a vulcanized rubber in accordance with one embodiment of the invention and Fig. 3 is a schematic view of an apparatus for treating a liquid or gaseous substance in an embodiment of the invention.
    Figure 1 is a diagrammatic representation of the various steps of a method according to one embodiment of the invention. In the first step of the process, vulcanized rubber which has been cut and / or crushed and screened or otherwise sized to a suitable grain size is treated with acid. Suitable grain size in this embodiment refers to a grain size of 3 to 12 millimeters. During the acid treatment, the rubber is kept in the acid solution for the time necessary and the temperature of the acid solution is further maintained such that the mixture of the acid solution and the rubber reacts and foams. As a result of the treatment, the surface of the rubber to be treated becomes cationic. In this embodiment, the time required means from 5 to 30 minutes, preferably from 20 to about 20 minutes. Correspondingly, suitable temperature means 70-120 degrees Celsius, suitably 90-120 degrees Celsius and preferably 100-110 degrees Celsius.
    The acid used for the acid treatment is, for example, a sulfuric acid solution having a sulfuric acid content of more than 80%, suitably for example between about 94% and 97% and preferably about 96%. After the acid treatment, the rubber is further rinsed with a rinsing agent such as water, whereby the acidity of the rubber surface is reduced and the rubber surface becomes cationic, i.e., capable of binding metal ions. The rinsing is carried out, for example, by passing the rinse aid through an acid-treated rubber. The pH of the fabric flush is measured. Rinsing is stopped when the measured pH is at least 3, preferably greater than 35 4.
    20175853 prh 25 -09- 2017
    The treatment described above is also referred to in this application as rubber activation. Activated rubber is also referred to as active material 11. After treatment, the activated rubber is ready to bind metals from metal-containing substances 1, such as water or any other liquid or gas. In this embodiment, the metal-containing substance 1 is water.
    Figure 2 is a schematic view of an apparatus for treating rubber in accordance with one embodiment of the invention. The apparatus includes at least a pressure chamber 1 provided with first feed means 2 for feeding rubber and with second feed means 3 for feeding an acid solution. Further, the pressure chamber 1 comprises means 4 for heating the mixture formed by the rubber and the acid solution 15 and means 5 for mixing the mixture. The means 4 for heating the mixture comprise, for example, at least one electric resistor. Further, the pressure chamber 1 is provided with first discharge means 6 for removing the treated rubber from the chamber and second discharge means 7 for removing the acid 20 solution from the chamber.
    Figure 3 is a schematic view of an apparatus for treating a liquid or gaseous substance according to one embodiment of the invention. This apparatus of embodiment 25 of the invention employs the method of the invention wherein the activated rubber is placed in a limited treatment space 9, such as a cylindrical space or the like. Thereafter, the liquid or gaseous material 8 to be treated is passed through a treatment space 9 containing activated rubber, whereby the metal ions 10 in the material 8 bind to the active material 11, i.e. the surface of the activated rubber and the metal content of the material is reduced. In addition, the gaseous or liquid 8 may bind the metal to the pores of the surface of the activated rubber. In this embodiment, the flow rate of the material 8 to be treated through the treatment space 9, i.e. the residence time of the material 8 to be treated in the treatment space 9, is adjusted so that metal binds as much as possible from the material 8 to the activated rubber. The treated substance 12 is discharged from the treatment chamber 9 by the discharge means 12a.
    When the active material 11 no longer binds enough metal from the material to be handled 8, the valve acting as feeder 8a is closed, after which the rubber to which the metals are bonded is rinsed, for example, with a dilute acid solution, whereupon the metal is released. The acid used for this rinse is, for example, hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid.
    In this embodiment, the feed of the material 8 to be treated is stopped and the rinsing of the active material 11 is started when the metal bound to the active material 11 from the substance 8 is less than 40% to 15% of the metal content of the substance 8.
    As the metal is flushed out of the rubber, the rubber is reactivated, after which it is ready to bind metal ions more effectively. Thus, the same rubber material is continuously reused as active material 11 for metal bonding material 8.
    20175853 prh 25 -09- 2017
    The process of the invention can be used to purify many different types of water. In addition, the method can be applied to liquids other than water as well as gases. The process can be used to purify, for example, stormwater, runoff water, industrial metal-containing wastewater and other metal-containing wastewater as well as natural water such as seawater.
    The apparatus for binding a metal from a liquid or gaseous material according to the invention comprises at least a limited treatment space 9, the body 9a of which is, for example, a cylindrical space or the like. In addition, the apparatus comprises feed means 8a for supplying a treatable substance 8 and discharge means 12a for removing treated substance 12. The feed means 8a and the discharge means 12a are, for example, suitable vent
    20175853 prh 25 -09- 2017 tille. The treatment chamber 9 is provided with an activated rubber 11, which acts as an active material 11 and is arranged to bind metal from the material 8 passing through the treatment space 9. The apparatus further comprises, for example, one or more pumps or similar means for transferring the material 8 to and from the treatment space 9.
    The apparatus further comprises rinsing means for rinsing and reactivating the active material 11. The flushing means comprises at least an inlet valve 13 through which the acid or other suitable material for flushing the rubber is arranged to be fed to a treatment space 9 and an outlet valve 14 through which the flushing material is arranged to be discharged from the treatment space. In this exemplary embodiment, the flushing is effected by a so-called backflow, which means that the rinse aid valve 13 is disposed at the opposite end of the treatment chamber 9 and the rinse outlet valve 14 is arranged relative to the opposite end of the treatment chamber 9. The inlet valve 13 is further disposed in the upper part of the treatment space 9 and the outlet valve 14 in the lower part of the treatment space 9, whereby the flow of the rinse aid in the treatment space 9 takes place under gravity. The rinsing means may further comprise, for example, a pump or the like by means of which the rinsing agent is arranged to be transported. In this exemplary embodiment, the metal separated from the liquid or gaseous material 8 is arranged to be removed from the treatment space 9 via an outlet valve 14, for example with a rinse aid.
    It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the examples set forth above, but may vary within the scope of the following claims. Thus, for example, an acid other than sulfuric acid can be used to activate the rubber.
    20175853 prh 25 -09- 2017
    It will also be apparent to one skilled in the art that any material other than hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid may be used to remove the rubber bound metal.
    Further, one of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that the limit for stopping the delivery of the substance to be treated and initiating the rinsing of the active material may be other than 40 percent of the metal binding capacity of the active material. The threshold can be, for example, 30% or 50% or any other 10% desired.
    It will also be apparent to one skilled in the art that the treatment state of the material to be treated may be other than a cylindrical state.
    It will also be clear to one skilled in the art that the material to be treated can be passed through more than one treatment space, for example, which are arranged sequentially.
    It will also be apparent to one skilled in the art that the rinsing of the active material 20 may be accomplished in a variety of ways than described above. For example, the valves for supplying and removing the rinse aid from the treatment space may be disposed differently.
    It is still clear to one skilled in the art that the method can also handle liquids other than water as well as gases.
    权利要求:
    Claims (6)
    [1]
    1. A method of treating a vulcanized, granular rubber material comprising forming the surface of the rubber material
    5 ion-binding active material (11), characterized in that the granular rubber material is activated by initially holding the rubber material in an acid containing sulfur for at least about
    For 5 minutes at the temperature at which the reaction mixture of the rubber material and the acid foams, and after acid treatment, the surface acidity of the rubber material is reduced by rinsing.
    [2]
    A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the granular rubber material is a material made of waste rubber such as used car tires or the like by mechanical treatment.
    20175853 prh 25 -09- 2017
    [3]
    Process according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a concentrated sulfuric acid solution having a sulfuric acid content of more than 80% is used for the activation of the vulcanized rubber.
    20 corresponds, for example, to about 94-97%, preferably, for example
    about 96%.
    [4]
    Method according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the acidity of the surface of the acid treated rubber material is reduced by rinsing the rubber material with a rinse aid and the rinse aid rinsing pH is measured and rinsed when the pH value of the rinse is at least about 4.
    Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the acidity of the surface of the rubber treated rubber material is reduced by rinsing the rubber material with a liquid such as water.
    Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the surface of the rubber material is made cationic by acid treatment and rinsing.
    20175853 prh 25 -09- 2017
    A process for bonding a metal from a liquid or gaseous material (8) in a limited treatment space (9), characterized in that the treatment (9) comprises contacting the liquid or gaseous material (8) with a cationic active material (11) made from vulcanized rubber. bonding the metal in ionic form in the liquid or gaseous material (8).
    A method according to claim 7, characterized in that the metal bound to the active material (11) from the liquid or gaseous material (8) is removed from the surface of the active material (11) by rinsing the active material (11) with an acid solution.
    Process according to claim 8, characterized in that the acid solution is hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid.
    Method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized
    20, wherein after rinsing, the active material (11) is re-used to bind the metal in the liquid or gaseous material (8) to the active material (11).
    11. Equipment for bonding metal from liquid or gaseous materials;
    25 material (8), the apparatus comprising at least a limited treatment space (9) having feed means (8a) and outlet means (12a) through which the liquid or gaseous material (8) is arranged to be conducted, characterized in that according to claim 1
    30 by active process made from vulcanized rubber (11).
    Apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that the apparatus comprises flushing means comprising
    35, an inlet valve (13) for supplying rinse aid to the treatment space (9) and an outlet valve (14) for removing rinse aid from the treatment space (9).
    Apparatus according to Claim 12, characterized in that the metal bound from the material (8) is removed from the treatment space (9) via an outlet valve (14).
    [5]
    Use of an active material (11) made from vulcanized rubber by the method of claim 1 for bonding a metal from a liquid or gaseous material.
    A method according to claim 2 for vulcanizing
    [6]
    Use of an active material (11) made from a waste rubber to bind the metal from a liquid or gaseous material.
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    CN104024168B|2020-03-24|Treatment of coking wastewater
    US20120313038A1|2012-12-13|Method for Treating Tailings
    CN107417058B|2018-09-25|A kind of river embankment bed mud is modified the method and its application of preparation ecology filler
    CN103613071A|2014-03-05|Method for recycling bromine from bromine-containing wastewater of brominated butyl rubber
    CN102126799A|2011-07-20|Method for treating fluorine-containing and ammonia nitrogen-containing waste water in electronic industry
    KR102092542B1|2020-03-24|Synthetic operation system for waste water purification and activated carbon regeneration
    FI20175853A1|2019-03-26|Method for processing vulcanised rubber, and method and apparatus and use of the method for binding metal from liquid or gaseous material
    Astuti et al.2016|Chemically modified kapok sawdust as adsorbent of methyl violet dye from aqueous solution
    US9630865B2|2017-04-25|System and process for removing ammonium, soluble BOD and suspended solids from a wastewater stream
    KR101768006B1|2017-08-14|Soil Treatment System Using Nanobubble and Multi-Stage Washing of Inorganic Acid
    US10301193B2|2019-05-28|Method for water treatment by adsorption and filtration on a granular material bed
    CN104386881A|2015-03-04|Coal chemical production wastewater treatment and high-efficiency recycling process and special system thereof
    KR101330207B1|2013-11-20|Activated absorption member, method of manufacturing the same, apparatus and method for water treatment using the activated absorption member
    CN105859035A|2016-08-17|Reclaimed water reuse and treatment process
    JP5938304B2|2016-06-22|Waste water treatment method and waste water treatment apparatus
    CN108348891B|2020-12-15|Multi-stage activated carbon system and method with recycle stream
    CN108329920B|2021-01-26|Regeneration method of magnetic soil remediation agent
    JP2016064332A|2016-04-28|Desalination-cement raw material formation method of mixed ash and device
    KR20190118158A|2019-10-17|Activated Chaff Filters, Filter Media, and Methods
    KR20140099060A|2014-08-11|Highrate clarifier filtration and tunnel construction wastewater treatment system using the same
    KR101640240B1|2016-07-15|System and method for purifying rare earth mine drainage
    KR100849219B1|2008-07-31|equipment and method for treatment waste water
    CN106629971A|2017-05-10|Iron-based nanometer sewage treatment agent and use method thereof
    KR101985765B1|2019-06-04|Treatment Method of Pollutants using Rice Straw Ash and Apparatus for Treatment of Pollutants
    RU2186036C1|2002-07-27|Method and apparatus for purifying sewage water from metal salts
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    FI128131B|2019-10-31|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    法律状态:
    2019-10-31| FG| Patent granted|Ref document number: 128131 Country of ref document: FI Kind code of ref document: B |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FI20175853A|FI128131B|2017-09-25|2017-09-25|Method for processing vulcanised rubber, and method and apparatus and use of the method for binding metal from liquid or gaseous material|FI20175853A| FI128131B|2017-09-25|2017-09-25|Method for processing vulcanised rubber, and method and apparatus and use of the method for binding metal from liquid or gaseous material|
    [返回顶部]